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In 1970, the Department of General Services was created as a result of reorganization of the executive branch (Chapter 97, Acts of 1970). At that time, duties of the former Department of Public Improvements and state purchasing functions from the Department of Budget and Fiscal Planning were transferred to the Department of General Services along with oversight of several previously independent agencies. The War Commission, Washington Cemetery Board of Trustees, Board of Architectural Review, Office of the Superintendent of Annapolis Public Buildings and Grounds, Office of the Superintendent of Baltimore Public Buildings and Grounds, Hall of Records Commission, Commission on Artistic Property, and the Purchasing Bureau constituted original components of the department, although the Washington Cemetery Board of Trustees, Hall of Records Commission, and the Commission on Artistic Property have since been statutorily removed. The oldest function now within the Department of General Services is the care of buildings owned by the state. In 1888, the legislature created the office of Superintendent of Public Buildings and Grounds (Chapter 175, Acts of 1888). In 1920, the Central Purchasing Bureau, another component of the modern department, was formed (Chapter 184, Acts of 1920). Then, in 1947, the General Assembly established the Department of Public Improvements to advise the Board of Public Works and other state agencies on engineering questions and other matters pertaining to construction, renovation, maintenance, and repair of buildings, other structures, and public works (Chapter 171, Acts of 1947). This department developed the state building code. Today, the Department of General Services provides goods and services to other state agencies through bulk purchasing and warehousing, in lease negotiation, contracts, bidding, and real estate transactions. It studies the need for state office space; acquires that space through lease, purchase, or construction; provides architectural and engineering design services; and is responsible for maintenance and security on most state premises. Under the direction of the secretary of general services, department programs and services are supervised by four assistant secretaries responsible for Finance and Administration, Facilities Management, Services and Logistics, and Telecommunications and Information Services.

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